The inclusion criteria for the atelectasis group were as follows: (1) subjects with right middle lobe atelectasis during the course of bronchial asthma attacks or pneumonia, (2) subjects between 3 and 7 years of age, and (3) subjects for whom RPT had been prescribed. To our knowledge, this is the first reported study to assess breath sounds in subjects with atelectasis.Ī total of 15 children with right middle lobe atelectasis and 14 healthy control children participated in this study between August 2012 and August 2013. The aim of this study was to clarify the characteristics of breath sounds and the changes in breath sounds before and after treatment including RPT, in children with atelectasis using computerized acoustic measurements. Recently, the exact evaluation of lung sounds has become possible using computerized respiratory sound analysis, providing information that could be useful for improving auscultation skills. On the other hand, changes in the intensity and spectra of breath sounds have not been previously evaluated in subjects with atelectasis. Therefore, the course of atelectasis is difficult to evaluate based on the status of crackles alone. In our clinical experience, there are often discrepancies between auscultation findings, such as crackles, and the clinical course of atelectasis. An experimental study by Ploysongsang and colleagues demonstrated that crackles occur during the re-expansion of absorption atelectasis in the dependent lung. Ītelectasis is accompanied by a decrease in local ventilation and structural changes of the pulmonary tissue in the affected area, which can change the intensity or spectra of breath sounds. Although chest radiography is necessary for the diagnosis and follow up of atelectasis, in daily practice, chest auscultation provides clinically useful information that may reflect the effect of respiratory physical therapy (RPT). It is not a rare complication during the course of bronchial asthma attacks or pneumonia in children and occurs most frequently in the right middle lobe. Atelectasis is defined as a complete or partial collapse of a lung or lobe of a lung.
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